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直升机飞行员执照训练大纲 TRAINING SYLLABUS FOR ISSUE OF HELICOPTER PILOT LICENCES(32)

时间:2011-12-29 13:44来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:直升机

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- lapse rate, stability and instability
- development of inversions, types of inversions
- temperature near the earth’s surface, surface effects, diurnal
- variation, effect of clouds, effect of wind
d) Atmospheric pressure
-barometric pressure, isobars
-pressure variation with height, contours (isohypses)
-reduction of pressure to mean sea level, QFF
-surface low/upper-air low, surface high/upper-air high-precipitation
e) Atmospheric density : interrelationship of pressure, temperature and density f) International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)
g) Altimetry
-pressure altitude, true altitude
-height, altitude, flight level
-altimeter settings: QNH, QFE, 1013.25 hPa
-effect of accelerated airflow due to topography
1.2 Wind
a) Definition and measurement
b) Primary cause of wind

-primary cause of wind, pressure gradient, coriolis force, gradient wind
-relationship between isobars and wind
-effects of convergence and divergence
c)  General circulation
-general circulation around the globe
d) Turbulence

-Turbulence and gustiness, types of turbulence
-origin and location of turbulence

e)  Variation of wind with height
-
variation of wind in the friction layer

-
variation of the wind caused by fronts f) Local winds: Anabatic and katabatic winds, land and sea breezes, Venturi effects g) standing waves


h)  origin of standing waves
1.3  Thermodynamics a) Humidity
- water vapour in the atmosphere
-  temperature/dew point, mixing ratio, relative humidity
b) Change of state of aggregation

- condensation, evaporation, sublimation, freezing and meling, latent heat
c)  Adibatic processes
1.4  Clouds and Fog
a) Clouds formation and description
-cooling by adiabatic expansion and by advection
 
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