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2.2 Performance
Take-off
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take-off distance available

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take-off and initial climb

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effects of mass, wind and density altitude

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effects of ground surface and gradient

-use of flaps, effect of altitude
Landing
-effects of mass, wind, density altitude and approach speed
-use of flaps, effect of altitude
-ground surface and gradient
In-flight
-relationship between power required and power available
-performance diagram
-maximum rate and maximum angle of climb
-range and endurance
-effects of configuration, mass, temperature and altitude
-reduction of performance during climbing turns
-autorotation
-adverse effects
-icing, rain
-condition of the airframe
-altitude
3 Aviation Meteorology
3.1 The Atmosphere
-Composition and structure
-vertical divisions

3.2 Pressure, density and temperature
-barometric pressure, isobars
-changes of pressure, density and temperature with altitude
- altimetry terminology
-solar and terrestrial energy radiation, temperature
-diurnal variation of temperature
- adiabatic process
-temperature lapse rate
-stability and instability
-effects of radiation, advection subsidence and convergence

3.3 Humidity and precipitation
-water vapour in the atmosphere
- vapour pressure
-dew point and relative humidity
-condensation and vaporization
-precipitation 3.4 Pressure and wind

-high and low pressure areas
-motion of the atmosphere, pressure gradient
-vertical and horizontal motion, convergence, divergence
-surface and geostrophic wind
-effect of wind gradient and windshear on take-off and landing
-relationship between isobars and wind, Buys Ballot’s law
-turbulence and gustiness
　
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